The Makah people of the northwest tip of the Olympic Peninsula refer to themselves as Kwih-dich-chuh-ahtx, which translates roughly to "the people who live by the rocks and seagulls." The early Makah were skilled mariners, using several types of canoes which they carved from western red cedar for various purposes - war, whaling, fishing, sealing, carrying cargo, and long voyages. Today, roughly 1400 Makah live in and around their traditional lands near Neah Bay on the Makah Indian Reservation. The carving of their skilled woodworkers can range in size from tiny masks to totems and giant, oceangoing canoes. Whaling and fishing have been central to Makah culture for thousands of years. The Makah are the only tribe to be granted whaling rights by treaty with the US government, in the Treaty of Neah Bay signed in 1855. While the Makah voluntarily suspended whale hunting in the 1920s due to the near extinction of whales from commercial whaling, they exercised their treaty right to hunt whales once in 1999 before court decisions blocked further legal hunting.
Port Townsend, site of a S'Klallam village prior to the arrival of settlers in the mid-1800s, became an important trading center by the end of the 19th century. Indigenous peoples from Canada and the tribes of Puget Sound and the Olympic Peninsula gathered along the shores of Port Townsend Bay to trade and socialize. Many also stopped here on their way to or from Puget Sound, including for seasonal work in the hop fields south and east of Seattle. This candid photograph shows a Makah group, likely a family, resting on the beach. Their tent appears to be commercially manufactured. The man on the right seems to be splitting firewood.
Caption information source: Makah Tribe website at https://makah.com
